The Duchy of Amalfi to Positano Cetara stretched from realizing even Agerola, Pimonte, Letters, Capri and the archipelago of Sirenuse (Li Galli). Within this territory Atrani was a village which boasts the title of the city's twin town of Amalfi and the seat of the aristocracy. Resided there: the Pantaleoni (the richest and most powerful families of Amalfi); the Alagno, the Comite Mauro; the Comite Iane; the Augustariccio i Viarecta. Its inhabitants retained identity Atrani, unlike all the other inhabitants of the duchy, which were known as Coast.

Only in Amalfi and Atrani had reserved the right to elect or depose the heads of the duchy. Amalfi was ruled first by Conti, then by prefects, and judges and finally by the Dukes (and not as erroneously Doges is said, that is mandatory in Venice). Duke concentrated in his person both the civil and military power. Symbol of his power was a cap on the "Birecto", of which the Dukes were awarded in the Palatine Chapel of S. Salvatore de Birecto of Atrani.

The Village of Atrani was more extensive than the current border and protected by massive fortifications. It extended to Castiglione (today fraz. Del Comune di Ravello), named for the castle, onis, a large castle located on the promontory where today stands the Collegiate of Santa Maria Maddalena. Civita was instead found in area Castle Supramonte destroyed by the attacks of Pisa between 1135-37. Then there was the coastal tower of the "Mound" or "St. Francis", built in 500 AD by Don Parafan de Ribera to defend against the Turks who, after the defeat of the Christian fleet to Gerbe in Tunis, infested the coast.

The Atrani cooperate in economic and social development of the duchy. Significant were the pasta and the factories that produced fabrics and drapes sajette precious, for which the pride Atrani detennero between the centers of the coast. They were particularly active in the eastern extra-Duchy: in Paestum, Cava dei Tirreni and Vietri sul mare.

In 987 Amalfi was promoted to the rank of Archbishop's diocese by Pope John XV. The first archbishop was the lion of Sergei of Atrani Urso Comite.

Atrani was flourishing religious life: about three hundred churches and chapels were private. The Monte Maggiore (today Monte Aureo) has six monasteries, the oldest of the duchy.

The tsunami of 24 September 1343 (effective descriptions of which has left a note in the epistle of Petrarch's "Family") submerged much of the coastline and put an end to the splendor of Amalfi and Atrani, already tested by the continuous incursions into Pisa 1135 -37. In the years that followed, the fate of Atrani were linked to those of Amalfi, whose duchy, now lapsed, was incorporated in the Principality of Salerno.

In the second half of 1100, Manfred, to punish Atrani for siding in favor of the pope in the struggle between the Papacy and the Empire, he sent them 1000 sailors Alessandrini. The Atrani fled to Amalfi and mercenaries settled in the village that gave up only many years later (event attributed to the intercession of Saint Mary Magdalene in which Atrani had voted). Employment traces remain, even today, in the cadence and in a few words of the local dialect.

In 1647, hunted by soldiers of the Viceroy of Naples, he returned to Atrani Masaniello, to hide in what by then was called "Cave Masaniello," a hollow not far from his mother's home a hero. Born in Naples in 1620 Tommaso Aniello d'Amalfi, said Masaniello, son of Francis of Amalfi and Antonia Gargano of Atrani, was a fishmonger by trade, but it was well known in the market square in Naples for his ability to reality for smuggler who was imprisoned with his wife. Out of prison at all tamed, July 7, 1647 Masaniello together with Giulio Genoino was head of the "revolt of figs" (erupted in protest against the increase of duties on fruit and the main agricultural products). The revolt spread from Naples to the entire kingdom.

Real Republic was proclaimed under the protection of France and was acclaimed Masaniello "Captain General People Napolitano. Power gave him the head indulging in a series of excesses that made him hated by the people. On July 16, 1647 he fell victim of a conspiracy: the headless corpse, and his head on a pole, was carried in triumph through the streets of the city. The Real Republic resisted until April next, then succumbed to the Spaniards. In 1643 the Great Plague claimed many victims also Atrani. In the following years there were no special events in the Village until June 22, 1807, when Joseph Bonaparte, King of Naples, went to visit the Amalfi Coast. Struck by the beauty of the place and from Amalfi and Atrani in particular, promised to build a road that would make it easier to access the Kingdom of the countries of the Coast. This road was built, however, between 1816 and 1854 by Joachim Murat.